Constance Baker Motley (1921-2005, Civil Rights Activist, Lawyer, Judge, State Senator and President of Manhattan, New York City)
Constance Baker Motley was born in New Haven, Connecticut on September 14, 1921. Her parents emigrated from a the caribbean island, Nevis and she was the ninth of twelve children. Her mother was the founder of the local NAACP Chapter in New Haven Connecticut, Motley later joined it after she was denied entrance into a local skating rink as well as a public beach. She was able to attend college with some financial assistance of local philanthropist, Clarence Blakeslee. She attended Fisk University in Nashville, Tennesseee first before deciding to return up north to attend New York University where she eventually received her bachelor's degree in economics. in 1943. She then obtained her law degree from Columbia Law School in 1946. She met and married Joel Wilson Motely who was a real estate and insurance broker in 1949.
She began her legal career as a law clerk in the fledgling NAACP Legal Defense and Educational Fund. While at Columbia she became acquainted with Thurgood Marshall, helping file Brown v. Board of Education in 1954. She was the LDF’s first female attorney and became Associate Counsel to the LDF, making her the NAACP’s lead trial attorney. Baker became the first black woman to ever argue a case before the Supreme Court in Meredith v. Fair, which helped James Meredith become the first black student to attend the University of Mississippi in 1962.
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